Fund-Usage Surveillance System Architecture
Data Ingestion & Preprocessing
- Input Source: Bank account mutation report (CSV, XML, or database stream) containing fields:
TransactionID,Timestamp,AccountID,Description,Amount,Type(Debit/Credit), andBalance. - Normalization: Standardize date-time formats, parse numerical amounts, and sort records chronologically by
Timestampper account to enable accurate velocity tracking.
Surveillance Pseudocode Algorithm
PROGRAM FundUsageSurveillance
// Define Surveillance Thresholds & Risk Weights
CONSTANT MAX_SINGLE_THRESHOLD = 50000.00
CONSTANT VELOCITY_WINDOW_MINS = 60
CONSTANT VELOCITY_LIMIT = 5
CONSTANT HIGH_RISK_SCORE = 50
// Main Execution Entry Point
FUNCTION ProcessMutationReport(reportFile)
rawRecords = LoadReport(reportFile)
sortedRecords = SortByTimestamp(rawRecords)
surveillanceAlerts = []
FOR EACH tx IN sortedRecords
currentRiskScore = 0
violationFlags = []
// Rule 1: Single Large Transaction Check
IF tx.Amount > MAX_SINGLE_THRESHOLD AND tx.Type == "DEBIT" THEN
currentRiskScore = currentRiskScore + 40
APPEND "Exceeds Single Transaction Limit" TO violationFlags
END IF
// Rule 2: Transaction Velocity (Structuring / Smurfing Detection)
recentTxList = GetTransactionsInTimeWindow(
sortedRecords,
tx.AccountID,
tx.Timestamp,
VELOCITY_WINDOW_MINS
)
IF LENGTH(recentTxList) > VELOCITY_LIMIT THEN
currentRiskScore = currentRiskScore + 35
APPEND "High Frequency Velocity Breach" TO violationFlags
END IF
// Rule 3: Blacklisted or Watchlisted Destination Check
IF IsInSanctionsOrBlacklist(tx.CounterpartyAccount) THEN
currentRiskScore = currentRiskScore + 100
APPEND "Blacklisted Counterparty Match" TO violationFlags
END IF
// Rule 4: Off-Hours Transaction Analysis (e.g., between 00:00 and 04:00)
IF IsUnusualHour(tx.Timestamp) THEN
currentRiskScore = currentRiskScore + 15
APPEND "Off-Hours Transaction Activity" TO violationFlags
END IF
// Evaluation and Alert Logging
IF currentRiskScore >= HIGH_RISK_SCORE THEN
alertRecord = CREATE_ALERT(
ID: tx.TransactionID,
Account: tx.AccountID,
Time: tx.Timestamp,
Score: currentRiskScore,
Flags: violationFlags
)
APPEND alertRecord TO surveillanceAlerts
END IF
END FOR
ExportSurveillanceOutput(surveillanceAlerts)
END FUNCTION
// Helper Functions
FUNCTION IsInBlacklist(accountNumber)
// Query secure compliance database
RETURN DatabaseLookup("blacklist_table", accountNumber)
END FUNCTION
FUNCTION IsUnusualHour(timestamp)
hour = EXTRACT_HOUR(timestamp)
RETURN (hour >= 0 AND hour <= 4)
END FUNCTION
END PROGRAM
Output & Reporting Phase
- Audit Trail Generation: The program compiles all triggered
alertRecordentries into an encrypted compliance dashboard or generates a structured JSON/PDF report for human analysts. - Risk Scoring Matrix: Aggregates individual scores to categorize monitored accounts into Low, Medium, or High-Risk tiers for automated freezing or manual compliance review.
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